Mitochondrial peptides
Mitochondria-targeted and mitochondria-derived peptides.
Mitochondria-targeted and mitochondria-derived peptides. The category holds two kinds of compound that are easy to conflate and are not the same thing.
A mitochondria-targeted peptide is a synthetic molecule designed to accumulate at the inner mitochondrial membrane; a mitochondria-derived peptide is encoded within mitochondrial DNA and occurs naturally. The first is a delivery strategy, the second an endogenous molecule, and the published literature on each answers different questions.
One entry appears in this category and in fat and metabolic research peptides as well, because its literature spans both — a compound can belong to more than one category where the research genuinely does.
Compounds listed below without a link do not yet have a published entry.
Compounds in this category
3 of 3 entries are published. Compounds without a published entry are listed without a link.
- SS-31SS-31, developed under the names MTP-131 and elamipretide, is a synthetic mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. A finished pharmaceutical product containing it holds one accelerated approval in the United States for a rare genetic condition.
- MOTS-cMOTS-c is a sixteen-residue peptide encoded by a short open reading frame inside the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene — an endogenous mitochondrial-derived peptide rather than a designed analogue. Its published evidence base is largely preclinical and observational, and it is not approved by the FDA for any use.
- HumaninHumanin is a 24-residue peptide encoded within the 16S ribosomal RNA region of mitochondrial DNA, identified in 2001 as a factor that prevented death of neuronal cells in Alzheimer's disease models. It was the first described member of the mitochondrial-derived peptide class. No interventional clinical trial of it has been identified, and it is not approved by the FDA for any indication.
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